Bone Tox (not Botox) and Cadmium.

BrooklynDodger(s) comment: We think little about cadmium beyond the kidney and respiratory cancer. But "itai-itai" disease is an almost obligatory question on a tox survey exam. The osteoblast osteoclast dialogue explored here reminds us the body process in normal conditions arise from pushes and pulls.


Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Volume 28, Issue 2, September 2009, Pages 232-236

Effects of cadmium on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro

References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article.

Xiao Chen^a, Guoying Zhu^{a, ,} , Shuzhu Gu^a, Taiyi Jin^b and Chunlin Shao^c

^aDepartment of Bone Metabolism, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

^bDepartment of Occupation Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

^cDepartment of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Received 19 November 2008;

revised 9 April 2009;

accepted 15 April 2009.

Available online 24 April 2009.

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) may have direct effects on bone metabolism and the mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate the effects of Cd on bone metabolism, effects of Cd on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro were observed at cellular and molecular levels. Osteoblasts were cultured by sequential enzyme digestion from Sprague–Dawley rats calvarial bone and osteoclasts were isolated from long bones of new-born male and female Sprague–Dawley rats, and then cells were exposed to different concentrations of Cd (0–2.0 μmol/L for osteoblasts; 0.03 μmol/L for osteoclasts). As for osteoblasts, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization were determined. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) were studied via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). For osteoclasts, after exposure to Cd (0.03 μmol/L) for 72 h and 120 h, number of osteoclasts and pits formation was observed. Cd inhibited the viability, ALP activity, mineralization and up-regulated RANKL mRNA expression in osteoblasts. But Cd had no obvious effect on OPG mRNA expression. For osteoclasts, cadmium (0.03 μmol/L) could increase the numbers of osteoclasts (p <>p <>